Loom.



F. S. DICKINSON.

Loom. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, I914.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

9 SHEETSSHEET l.

r. s. DICKINSON.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.30, 12514.

'- Patented Mar. 28, 1916 9.SHEETSSHEET'2.

F. S. DICKINSON.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, I914- F. s. DICKINSON.

LOOM.

APPLICATION. FILED ,SEPT. 30. 1914.

Patented ar. 28, 1916.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

F. S. DICKINSON.

LOOM. APPLICATION rim-:0 SEPT. 30, 1914.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

9 SHEETSSHEET 5.

F. S. DICKINSON.

LOOM. APPLICATION FILED sEPm 1914.

Patented Mar. 28,1916.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 6 F. S. DICKINSON.

. LOOM.

I APPLICATION HLED SEPT. 30 19|4. 1,176,818. Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

F. S.- DICKINSON.

, LOOM. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1914.

1,176,8i8. I H Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

9 SHEETS-SHEET B.

1 F. s DICKINSON.

- LOOM.

APPUCATION FILED SEPT. 30, I914.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

9 SHEETSSHEET 9.

FREDRICK S. DICKINSON, 0F 1\T EW .YORK, N. Y.

LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented llIal'. 28, IQTG.

Application filed September 30, 1914. Serial No. 864,237.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRnonIoK S. DICKIN- 7 son, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following is'a specification.

This invention relates to looms, and it has special relation to an improved loom mechanism for weaving an endless fabric in annular and segmental cross-section ring form or contour initially conforming to the contour of the elastic body of a tire shoe or casing within which it is tobe embedded, which fabric it adapted to be employed as the body fabric or carcass in the shoe or casing of pneumatic wheel-tires for automobiles or the like.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved loom which will be adapted to effectively weave a fabric of the character above set forth, in such shape as to conform to the normal contour of the shoe or casing, without stretching, pulling, packing, or otherwise distorting its initial woven contour and without stretching or distortion of its threads or strands, whereby the fabric" in its adaptation for usewill maintain a uniform tension on each and every strand of both warp and woof threads throughout the body of the completed fabric and will thereby retain the initial strength of each strand in the woven mass. 1

A further object of my invention is to provide an improved loom mechanism for producing a fabric such as that just described either in single or multiple plies, either by interweaving the multiple plies in a unitary homogeneous textile unit or by weaving the plies separately in condition to be connected together in multiple relationship to produce the complete body fabric.

A further object of my present invention is to provide an improved loom mechanism.

for producing a fabric such as that just described in which the weave will be on the bias with relation to its service conditions in the tire, or at an, angle to the cross and circumferential section of the tire, whereby any tendency to roll on the rim by reason of the force of any side stress upon the tire, as in going around corners or making a short turn, will be obviated. I

A further object of my invention. is to prdvide a simple and improved loom mechanism, which will in its leading features be adapted for efl'ectiveweaving under usual or general conditions, which will be positive and convenient in operation and.which-vifill furthermore possess advantages in point of adaptability to various forms of weaving, in effectiveness, and in general efficiency.

My present invention also has particular relation to an improved loom mechanism for weaving the type of body fabric for-pneumatic tires which is covered by my applications for Patents Serial Nos. 725,245 and 725,246, to which reference may be had for a detail understanding of the type of textile body fabric or carcass for the shoe or casing of pneumatic tires, which is adapted to be prodluced by the improved loom herein set ort In the draWings-Figure 1 is a perspec tive view illustrating one embodiment of my improved loom mechanism, parts being shown in outline, looking toward the front in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the loom mechanism, the upper part of the frame being removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view, illustrating the heddle harness, with the fabric-form sectioned. on its horizontal axis. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, illustrating the heddle harness. Fig. 5 is a perspective view, partly in section, illus trating the heddle harness and showing a portion of the fabric-form in front elevation. Fig. 6 is a detail view, showing a front elevation of a part of the electro-magnet mechanism for controlling the shuttle. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a detail view, showing a side and front elevation of the heddle. Fig. 9 is an elevation, partly in section, illustrating the reed-frame. Fig. 10 is adetail view, showing an'end elevation of the reedframe operating mechanism. Fig. lllis a detail view, showing a front elevation of a portion of the reed construction. 'Fig. 12 is a detail view, showing a reed in side elevation and the reed-frame in section. Fig. 13 isa side elevation of the heddle-threading mechanism and showing also a'portion of the fabric-form. Fig. 14 is a detail view, partly in section, illustrating aside elevation of the heddle-threading arm mechanism. Fig; 15 is a detail plan View, on an enlarged scale, illustrating one of the heddie-threading fingers. Fig. 16 is a detail 'side elevation, on an enlarged scale, of-the mechanism shown in Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is'a detail side view, on an enlarged scale, of the heddle-threading finger, showing the same in position to open the heddle eye to receive the thread. Fig. 18 a detail view corresponding to Fig. 17 and illustrating the action of the heddle-threading finger to open the heddle eye to receive the thread. Fig. 19 is a detail plan view, partly in section, illustrating the warp-fo n and the detachable section thereof. 1 Fig. 20 is a detail side elevation of a .portion of the construction shown in F ig. 19. Fig. 21 is a detail sectional view illustrating the joint construction in the warp andfabric form. Fig.

22 is a detail perspective view, illustrating the, warp-retaining rings construction. Fig. 23 is a detail sectional view, taken through the warp-retaining rings and. showing the manner of laying-up the warp. Fig. 24c is 'a detail side elevation, partly in section, or the warp-form, with the detachable section' thereof removed. Fig. 25 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the warp and \voof of the woven fabric. Fig. 26 is a detail diagram matic CIOSSrSQClZlOIl of the woven fabric.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are denoted by the sarrle reference characters.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates an upright framework arranged to carry all the operating parts of the loom mechanism. From. said framework extend -two laterally-projecting studs, 2+2, upon which are respectively mounted a pair of flanged rollers or idlers, 'asjat 8,'constituting guides .for fabric-form frames, l-5. Said frames are of annular or ring contour and areseparated a suitable distance in parallel relationship and are provided with a) geared inner periphery, as at 6, which peripheries respectively mesh w th pinions. 7-7, carried by av projecting shaft, 8, suitably jour- The fabric-form naled in the frame 1. frames land 5 have a revoluble movement,

imparted by the pinions 77, which movementis intermittent in steps adjusted to give the warp one step forward in time with :the weaving action hereinafter described.

The step movement is impartedto the an,- nular or ring members. constituting said fabric-form frames, by a ratchet,'9, carried by'the shaft 8 and a pawl, 10, engaging said ratchet and mounted on a pivoted arm or lever, 11, to which is pivotally connected a yoke or rod, 12, carryi1.- g a roller, 13, bearing upon the periphery of a cam-disk, 14,

having a peripheral depressionor recess, as. at15. Continuous revoluble motion is im parted to the cam-disk 14 by means of a itrain of gears, 16, suitably journaled in the framework 1 and extending between a shaft,

- 17, which has its bearings in the frame .1

and carries the cam-disk 14, and a main drive-shaft, 18, which is mounted in bearin su on the frame 1. The train of ears 16 is adjusted to the requisite timed step movement of the annular frames or rings 45, and the action of the yoke or rod 12 .is governed by the engagement of the shaft 17 with a guide slot, 19, in said rod and by a controlling spring, 20, acting upon said rod to hold its roller 13 in bearing against the periphery of the cam-disk 14 (see Fig. 1).

The frames or rings 1l-5 are adapted to carry the fabric-f orm, which constitutes 2 mandrel or core spanning said rings at the peripheral portion thereof and corresponding in contour, to the inner segn'iental, crosssection and endless annular form of the fabme which is-to" be woven as the body fabric or carcass'for a tire shoe or :aslng. Sald fabric-form frames or rings are shaped at their outer periphery to receive the terminal ends of themandrelor core, 21, which constitutes the fabric form, the inner frame or ring 4 being slightly larger in diameter than .the outer frame or ring 5, and having a circumferential projecting flange, 22, provided at its inner face with an annular re- 'cess, 23, adapted to receive a projecting flange, 24, at one edge of the fabric-form,

whilethe periphery of the frame or ring frame or ring 5 in the removal of the form 21 from its carrying form-frames 4-5 and in its placement thereon in operative position (see Fig. 2). The fabric-former mandrel 21 is retained in position by spring latches, 27, projecting at the inner face of the peripheral flange 22 of the inner frame or ring 4 and bearing with relation to the flanged-edge fl l of the fabric-form 21 to retain thelatter in position with relation to the inner face of the flange 22 (see Figs. 3 and 4).

, Rings or hoops, 30-451, are respectively mounted with relation to the terminal edges of the fabric-form 21, between which rin s the warpis laid. The ring 30 is mounted ?n a socket between the inner face of the peripheral flange 22 of the frame 4 and the outer face of the edge-portion 24 of the fab-' and being carried thereby in the revoluble stcpmovenient thereof (F igsB and 4'). The inner ring or hoop 30 is provided throughout its periphery with a series of eye-rings, 32, having projecting hooks, 33, which are engaged by the Warp thread, the latter being laid in spiral form from the hooks 33 to corresponding hooks, 28, respectively carrled at the end of spiral tensional springs, 34,

which are in-turn respectively carried by eye-rings, 35, 'mounted in series throughoutthe periphery of the outer ring or hoop .31 (Figs. 5 and 22-). The warp is thus laid to form a complete annular drum of warpthread extending over and around the fabr c form constituted by the mandrel or core 21.

In the laying of the warp between the rings or hoops and 31, the warp threads have the length required to pass over the fabric form 21 at the desired angle, plus what is taken up in the weaving of the woof threads and also an allowance for the percentage of crimp necessary to be put in the threads or "strands to afford sufficient elasticity to withstand the conditions of strain or shock which would be encountered by the fabricas a tire carcass under the action of the tire in meeting inequalities in the road surface or obstructions thereon. It will be noted that the warp threads are held in fixed position at the inner ring 30 and that their excess length as just mentioned is held at the outer ring 31 and the tension of each thread is governed by the springs 34, which tensional con:

trol allows for suflicient give or lifting of the threads'by the heddles to formsheds through which the shuttle passes in weaving the woof threads.

' The mandrel or core 21 constituting the fabric fOI'lIl has a detachable section, '36, of

suitable length and conforming to the transverse and segmental contour of said fabric form, the displacement of which section enables the insertion of the form 21 in the warp drum. Then, after the rings 30 and 31 are drawn down and socketed in the annular grooves formed by the flanges 24 and 26 of the form 21, the section 36 is replaced from the inside, thus forming the complete fabric form. In the mounting of the fabric form 21 and the warpin operative position,

before placing the form 21 in position on the form frame 4-5 the rings 30 and 31 carrying the'warp are given a twist in reverse directions, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 22, until the warp threads lie over the form at the desired angle (see Fig. 5),

and withthe warp threads in this position the War -carr in means are clam ed or i r. 7

locked inconnection with the form frame 4-5 by the spring latches 27 and by springcontrolled. clamps, '37, pivotally mounted tion of the fabric for the tire carcass at approximately 15, though any other adapted angle may beemployed according to the conditions of use of the fabric. 7

From the foregoing description, it will be understood that the mandrel or core constituting the fabric form 21 extends in continuous annular and segmental crosssection coritourythat the warp is laid in acerresponding continuous annular warp drum extending around and over said fabric form, and that said formand Warp drum are secured in connection with the form frames of annular or ring shape which carry the same and which are advanced in a step movement to give the Warp one step forward in time with the weaving action by means of the operating mechanism which is in connectioni with themain drive shaft of the apparatus.

In the preferred construction, as herein shown, the warp form 21 and its carrying frame 1'-5 are arranged in parallel relation to the front of the main framework 1 and in projecting position with relation to the same, and the heddle harness is arranged. obliquely or at an angle to the warp-carrying means, said-angle corresponding to the angle at which the warp threads lie over the fabric form 21 (see Figs. 2 and 3).

In the preferred construction of theheddle mechanism, the heddles are operatively housed in an annular jig, Which is made up of segmental sections to permit the assent bling of the heddle harness in its operative position encircling the upper part of the warp form 21." The heddle jig or carrying harness isthus mounted to operate around the cross-sectional plane of the warp form and in such manner as to automatically pick up one thread in the direction of its move ment as one thread is dropped on the opposite side. The heddle operation is governed by means of a. cam mechanism, as hereinafter described, the action of which operates only those heddles in which are carried warp threads.

The heddle jig or carrying harness comprises two annular side frames, 4=O41, which are suitably supported infixed par allel relationship upon the framework I, as by means of brackets, 42-43. These frames llu encircle and surround the upper portionof the warp form 21 and its carrying frames 45, and to permit the removal and re placing of the warp form 21 in operative position said frames 10-41 are respectively divided into separable segments, at joints, 4 1, having removable locking pins, 45. Projecting inwardly and radially from'the outer annular frame ll is provided a series of arms, 16, carrying. rollers, 47, at their inner ends, which rollers support an annular heddle-carrying frame, 48, mounted to rotate in the space between the frames 4041. Said heddle frame 48 is provided centrally with a series of radial slots, 49, in which the heddles, 50, reciprocate, and the rollers a7 bear against a track constituted by a projecting side flange, 29, upon the outer side of the heddle-carrying frame. At the opposite or inner side of the heddle-carrying frame is provided a corresponding circumferential projecting track, 51, geared at its internal surface, as at 52, which gear meshes with supporting pinions, 53, suitably mount ed upon the inner harness frame i'O, one of which pinions is carried by a projecting shaft, 5 1, to which is imparted a step movement in relation to the step movement of the warp form 21, to operate the heddle-carry-.

ing frame in its rotary action; The preferred means for imparting said step move ment comprises a ratchet, 55, carried. by the shaft 5 1 and engaged by a pawl, 56, carried by an arm, 57,.pivotally mounted upon the .shaft 54 and connected by a pivoted link, 58,

with a bell-crank lever,'59, suitably fulcrum'ed upon the framework 1 and having at its power end a roller, 60, hearing against the lateral cam face, 62, of a cam-disk, 38, fixed upon a shaft, 63, journaled in the framework'l (Fig. The bearing of the roller 60 with relation to the cam is controlled by a spring, as at ($1. The revolnble step movement of the heddle framedS is so ad usted, under the action of the mechanism just described, that the step motion imparted to the heddles corresponds to the rotary step movement of the warp in such manner that the warp thread in each respec' tive heddle will remain in the heddle until it has completed its function as a warp thread and is interwoven with the woof threads.

The heddles 50 are provided with forli'cd outer ends, as at 39, which .are o 'icratively and respectively engaged by the ends of a series of bell-crank levers, G l, fulcrumed peripheriztlly upon the ,heddle-carrying frame l8 and projecting 1n OPPOSICQ directionswith relation to the series of heddles. vThe outer ends of the levers (i-l operate in grooved guides, 66, which extend at opposite sides of the heddle frame l8 peripherally with relation thereto and extend over the section thereof wherein the heddles are operated. Said guides 66 are provided with outwardly and laterally projectinp,- trunnions 67 which are res lectivelv andslid-- ably operative in hearings in the frames 40 and all, and said guides at opposite sides of the heddle frame 48 are connected in fixed relation by transverse cross pleces or bars, 68. spanning and pro ecting over the peripheral portion of the heddle frame 48.

In the practicalconstruction of the heddle-carrying frame 48, it is of open or skeleton forn'r as herein shown, and preferably comprises two substantially corresponding sections which are bolted together, as at 65,

at the central plane of the peripheral portion of the heddle frame.

guides 66, by trunnions, 69, slidably operatingln hearings in the inner frame 40, said trunnions being connected to the guide frame 6668 in suitable respectively spaced positions and projecting laterally therefrom and being connected at their outer ends by a cross bar, 70, fixed to'said trunnions and pivotally. carrying. at its center a link or connecting rod, 71, which projects to pivotal connection with one arm of a bell-crank lever, 75, suitably fulcrumed upon the framework 1, and pivotally carrying at its Otherarm a yoke, 7 3, carrying a roller, 74, bearing with relation to the periphery of a two-motioncam disk, 72, carried upon an operating shaft (Fig. 2). llhus, a reciprocating step movement is transmitted to the cross bar 70 andby it to the guide frames, 66, whereby the bell-crank levers 6st are moved alternately back and forth, the mechanism being relatively adj listed ,to a timed movement under which an alternate timed movement is imparted by the levers 64 to the heddles 50 and the latter are actuated to form a shed which is changed at each reciprocation of the shuttle, as hereinafter described. As before mentioned, each warp thread Will remain in its heddle until that heddle has traversed-the arc across the Warp form 21,

and the thread is then disengaged from the heddle.

The shaft, 14:0, carryinguthe two-motion cam 72 is suitably journaled in the framework 1, and said shaft, as well as the shaft 63 carrying the cam 38 for actuating the mechanism wl1e1eby -tl1e heddle-carrying frame 48 is operated in its rotary step movement, are in connection, by a suitable train of gears, as at H1, with the main drive shaft 18 of theapparatus. In this connection, it will of course be understood that the train of connecting gears 14:1 and the train of gears 16, through which relative motion is imparted to the respective mechanisms hereinbefore .described from the main drive shaft 18, are so adjusted in size andoperative association that the step movelnent of the form frames 4 5 and the fabric form 21 to advance the warp drum, and-the step movement-of the heddle-carrying frame 4-8 in its rotary action'around the upper portion of the fabric form'21, and the reciprocatin;, piovement of the guide frames 66 laterally with respect to the plane of the the heddle is threaded to bring the warp thread within a hook-eye, 142, at the lower end ofthe heddle, by means of a pick-up finger mechanlsm which, inthe preferred construct1on,I w1ll now describe. Said mecha- 'nism operates in parallel relationship to the hook-eye of the heddles 50 and comprises a pick-up finger, as at 76, constituted by two members, 7879, which relatively operate upon a" fulcrum, 80, and theterminal ends of which form a nipper jaw, as at 77,'for picking up the warp thread (Figs. 15' and 16). The pivot constituting the fulcrum 80 of. the finger members 7 8-7 9 is at a central point with relation to said members and is upona stud, 143, projecting laterally from an arm, 81, which is journaled in and across i a forked arm, 82,- projecting at right angles to the finger mechanism. Said finger-carrym arm or member 81 carries a pinion, 83,

within the forked arm 82, which pinion is engaged bya rack bar, 84', to actuate the finger-carrying arm 81 in a movement as hereinafter described. The finger members 7 8-79 are normally held inposition to close the nipper jaw 77 by the action of a spring,

88, connected with and co-acting upon said members. The nipper jaw 77 is .opened, by actionof the finger members 7 879, by a bar, 85, interpesedbetween said finger mem'' bers and the arm 81 and slotted, as at 144, to

surround the fulcrum stud 80 and be guided thereon, said bar 85 carrying at its inner end a pin, 87, projecting transversely of the arm 81 and moving in a slot, as at 145, therein. The pin 87 projects between the finger members 7 879, in rear of their fulcrum, and also projects at the opposite face of the arm 81, where it'is connected with a coiled spring,

86, extending forwardly to a fixed connection with the arm 81, whereby said nipperopening bar 85 is normally held under tension in an outwardly-projecting position in which its outer end projects beyond the nipper jaw 77. The forked arm 82, carrylng the finger-threading, mechanism as ust described, has a motion laterally toward the warp form 21 (as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 14)", and in this motion carries the finger mechanism 76 toward the warp form untilthe nipper-opening bar 85 engages the hooks 33 with which the warp thread is engaged, when a further forward movement causes the bar 85 to. move backwardly and its pin 87 bears against the rear ends of the finger members 7 879 against the tenslon of the spring 88 and spreads said members to open the nipper jaw 77 for the reception of the warp thread. in relation to the action just described, it will be nor :6 that the finger-carrying arm 81 has at. oscillating movejaw 7 7 a slight movement of the forked arm' 82 in a direction away fromthe warp form 21 releases the pressure of. the pin 87 against thefin'ger members 7879, by action of the spring 86 controlling said pin 87, which permitsjthe nipper jaw 7'7 to close on the warp thread. The gperative movement of the forkedjar'm 82carryirig the nipper finger-n'ischani'sm, as above described, is imparted by a drum-cam, 90, which actuates a ball-faced finger, 91, traveling in a peripheral groove, .89, upon the cam-member 90, sald groove having a lateral cam form (Fig. 3) and said. finger 91 being carried at one end of abell-crank lever, 92, which is mounted to move laterally, said lever 92 being pivotally fulcrumed, as at-93, in a pin, 94, which 1s reyolubly journaled in a bracket, 146) upon the framework 1 ('Fig. 13). The bellcrank lever 92 also has a vertical movement, at right angles to the lateral movement just described, which is permitted by a depression or recess, 147 in the base wall of the cam groove 89 at a suitable point with relatlon to the lateral cam form of said groove,

which depression receives the ball-faced finger'91 andthus permits an upward move ment of the other arm of the lever 92 to which the forked arm 82 is pivotally eon nected at its lower end, as at 148.

From the foregoing it will be uderstood that the forked arm 82 has both a vertical movement and the lateral oscillating movement before described, which vertical movement is so timed with relation to the oscil lating or lateral movement that when the nipper jaw 77 has picked up the warp I 1 preferably at about 90, to bring alateral projection, 149, at the nipper-jaw end of the finger member 79 in line with the terminal hook-eye of the heddle, when, by a further movement of the forked arm 82 under action of the cam90, the mechanism as just described will open the hook-eye (Fig. 18) and allow it'to close over the thread and-draw the thread down to the lower end of the eye in position for the weaving action. 1

The preferred means for effecting the up ward or vertical movement of the forked arm 82 comprises a yoke link or bar, 95,

which is pivotally connected, as at 150, with the arm 82 at a point above its fulcrum 148,

said yoke having its free end embracing a shaft, 96, and carrying a roller, 151,'bear1ng upon the periphery of a cam disk, 97, carried by said shaft ,(Fig. 13). The shaft 96 is v suitably journaled upon the framework 1 and also carries the cam member 90 andis in suitable geared connection with the main driving mechanism of the loom. To effect the supplementary oscillating movement of the finger-carrying arm 81, which is at right angles to the .oscillating'or lateral movement.

of the forkejd arm 82, said arm 81 is, in the preferred construction, eccentric to theaxis of its bearing in the forked arm 82 (Fig. '16) and the actuating rack 1331"8'1 is slidably mounted in a suitable guide, 1532, upon the side of the arm 82 and has its lower end pivotally connected to one arm of abellcrank lever, 98, fulcrumed u on the arm 82,

the other arm of said lever eing pivotally.

, connected to a yoke link or bar, 99, the free end of'whi'ch embraces the shaft 96 and which carries a roller, 153, bearing upon the periphery of a cam disk, 1-00, carried'hy said shaft (Fig. a I

From the foregoing description, it will be understood that the heddle-threading mechanism has three movements, to wit: alateral or oscillating movement to. and from the warp form 21, toipick up the thread; a vertical movement at right angles to'saidfirst lateral movement, to govern the position of the thread for threading in the heddle; and

a supplementary oscillating movement of the pick-upfinger mechanism, at right angles to 7 said lateral movement, to place the thread in the heddle-eye; the actuating mechanismcontrolhng thesemovements being so adjusted that allthe operations in threading heddles are? operated, have their terminal ends fiared,;as-at 154, to automatically .re-

, ceive the outer ends of the heddle-actuating level-s64 as the-latter enter said guides, into;

the section er segment wherein the heddles are operatc ,in the revoluble movement of the heddlec arryin.g frame (l igs fl and 5). v The shuttle mechanism comprises a holder or cage, 10?, which is directly under the shed formed in the warp (Fig. 1) and into which a shuttle, 101, is dropped, said cage being suitably supported upon a bracket,

155', supportedupon theframework 1, and

a similar holder oivcagc, 103, is provided at the. opposite s de and supported 'upon a bracket,156.- Said shuttle-holders or cages are arranged at m osite sides of the warp 'fcrm' 21 andmdjacent the base edges thereof,

so that the sl uttle travels from one side of thewarp farm and over the aro'thereof to In the preferred conin my, co-pendingapplication for Patent Serial No. 801,001, Which mechanism in its' relation to the present improved loom con: structlon 1 W111 now describe.

It Willof course be understood that the.

' shuttles are constructed of steel or other material-subject to magnetic action, and are in effect operat ve as armatures controlled and moved by theimagnet in the oscillating or Q reciprocating operation of the latter. Theshuttles, however, be in the main of any usual or adapted construction operating in theusual ,manner to ca-rry and'feed the woof or filling threads. The magnetic shuttle-operating mechanism, in the present loom construct-ion, is'mount'ed to operate Wltl'llli i the warp form'21 in a pathtran'sverseto the are or segment thereof, and comprises a magnetic shoe, 105, carried at the end of an, arm, 157,' pa-ss1ng througha bracket,;113,

said arm being spring-controlled by action of'a coiled spring, 158, carried by said 1 bracket and act ng to force said arm out:

wardly, wherebythe magnet 105 is spring alined with the innersurface of the warp form 21. The outer end of the bracket 113 carries a counter-weight, 159., whereby the movement of. the arm 157 a .d the magnetf 105 IS balanced or steadied. The bracket 113 v is carried by a revoluhle shaft, 160, at right r I 3 angles to sa d bracket, which shaft 1s mount- 4 ed with its axis at the center of the are formed by the transverse contour jof the warp form 21 (Figs. 4 a'nd'7 .Thc magnet is thus fulcrm-i'ied at the center of said arc,

to move in an oscillating action in a path traversing said arc back and forth and at the angle preferably of 15, hereinbefore re.- ferred to, witlrrelat-ion'to the arc. It will be understood that the arm 157 isslidably mounted in the bracket 113, andthat said bracket and arm and the n'mguetl05 are car'- ried in the re-voluhle movementof the shaft 160. Saidshaft 1-60 operated, to impart the oscillating movement tothe magnet 105, by means of a mechanism comprising a cam, 106, mounted on the shaft 63 (Fig. 3) and .having a cam face, 161, engaged by a pin or roller, as at 162, laterally carrieeLupon a yoke link or bar, 107,'the.f1 ee end ofwhich its embraces the shaft 63 and the other end framework 1, andto said shaft is connected,

by a universal joint, as at 164, a link of rod,

. 111,. which has a universal-joint connection,

as at[165, 'with the end of a revolublymounted shaft, 166, which is at right angles to the shaftll60and carries a beveled gear,"112

meshing with a beveled gear, 114, upon the shaft 160 (Figs: 3, 4 and 7). The shafts oscillating action ofthe magnet'in time with and relation to' the operative movement of 166and160 have their bearings in a suitable bracket, 1'67 mounted upon the framework l ywhich bracket "may-carry the brackets 156 and 155 which support the shuttle cages or ,ho1ders102 and 103 (Fig. Q It will be understood that the foregoingmechanism as justfdescribed, 'for operating the magnetic shoej105which controls the movement ofthe shuttle, is adjusted to impart the required the heddles to form'the shed in the Warp through which the shuttle passes; The outer surface of the core of the magnet 105 is preferably beveled, as at 168 (Figs. 4 and 7) toconform to and follow the segmental con'- tour of the inner surface of the shell, of the warp form 21 within which the magnet operates its oscillating movement back and I forth in the, arc transversely of said warp form'andon an anglepreferably of45 to the horizontal axis ofthe warp form.

Asbefore s'etforth, the warp is laid con tinuously over the warp form 21 and throughout the annularendlessextent thereof, with the warp threads at an angle (preferably )to the horizontal axis of the Warp form, and the heddle-carrying frame surrounds the warp form inan oblique positionireversely corresponding to the angle at which the warp threads lay over said form,

that the annular series of heddlesare 0perative successively at said angle. Thus, as the warp form is advanced in its revoluble step movement, the revoluble step movement of the heddle-carrying framecarries the hed- 45" I a path reversely corresponding to the angle at which the warpthreads la y over the warp form, and the shuttle-operat ng meC-hdies in their successive operative movement anism operates in a correspondin path at an angleto the horizontal axis 0 the warp [form to carry the shuttlethrough-the sheds, "formed by the action of the he'ddles successively in said path at an angle to the horizontalaxis of the warpfform, the operative action of the heddles being such thatone thread is dropped and another thread picked up at. the respective terminals of said path .of movement, whereby the fabric is woven onithebias as shown inFig. 5, therelationship of the mechanismas just indicated being alsoshown inFigs, 1, 3, and 4, In this connection, it will be noted that a cross-sectionof the warp form parallel toits horizjontal axis is elliptical in contour, as shown in Fig. 3, whlle a cross-section on theangle 0} 45, in the path in which the heddles and shuttle and shuttle-operating mechanism are operative, is of true segmental contour, as shown in Fig. 4. I

A batten mechanism is provided to prop erly close in or pack in position the woof threads, so that with each passage of the shuttle over and through the warp the woof or filling thread is efiectively laid up with'-' the reeds. In the preferred construction of the batten mechanism, the reeds, 115,

are fulcrumed upon a cylindrical rod, 116, which is positionedin a semi-circular groove, 104, formed in the outer face of a bar, 117, slidably mounted to reciprocate at right anglesto the pivotal movement of the reeds. The rod 116 is retained in its seat in the groove 104 by bolts, 118, projecting from the bar 117 and having a hook end, 170, engaging over the rod. Eachreed is nested in a groove, 17]., formed in the outer face of the bar 117 and intersecting the groove 104 (Figs. 11 and 12). The bar 117 is slidably mounted within and carried by a guide member, 119, the ends of which are respectively in fixed connection with arms, 120 and 121, projecting upwardly from and carried by a rock shaft, 169, suit-,

ably journaled in the framework 1 .(Figs. 4 and 5). The shaft 169 is oscillated to' mpart a reciprocating motion to the arms 120 and 121 in a-line approximately parallel to,

the warp form 21. The oscillation of the v.

shaft 169 may be efi'ectedby any suitable gear or cam connection with the main drivlngmechanism, and I have herein shown (Fig. 5) a cam mechanism for this purpose,-

in which the lower end of'the arm is extended from its fixed connection with the shaft 169 and at an angle to its main upwardly-projecting portion, which extension,

182, carries at its outer end a roller, 183, bearing against the periphery of a camdisk, 184'. carried by a shaft, 185, suitably journaled in the framework 1 and in connection with the main driving mechanism,'

the bearing of the roller 183 upon the camdisk .184 being tensionally controlled by a coiled spring, 186, extending between fixed connections with the extension 182 and the frameworkl. The arms 120 and 121 respectively project to a position opposite the tereating movement also have the usual pivotal operative movement. The reeds also have an additional movement whereby they will follow the angleof approximately 415 hereinbefore referred to, at which, the warp 1 threads are laid, to accomplish'which the siidably-mounted bar- '117 carrying the reeds, is given an oscillating or recip rocat-' ing movement within its carrying guide-119.

The reciprocating movement of the bar 117 is-in the line'of its segmental contour and at rightangles to the movement of the arms 120 and 121 carrying the batten andreed mechanism, and the movement imparted to the bar 117 correspondsto the distance traversed in. the coincident movement of said arms, the ultimate positionbeing'indicated in dotted linesin Fig. The slidablemove- IIient of the bar 117 with relation to the distance traversed by the .arms 120 and 121, to

preferably comprises a'link, 123, the upper end of which is pivotally connected as at' 122,'to one end of said bar, the pivotal'connection being braced by a stud, 172, pro-- ,jecting laterally from the end of the bar and slidably operating in a guide slot, 17 3, in the upper end of the arm 120. The lower end of said link is pivotally connected, as at 174, with a block, 175', carrying a projecting stud, 124, operating in a guide slot, 176,

in the'arm 120, and carrying a roller',"--1 25', traveling upon an incline, as at 126, formed bya track member, 177, suitably supported upon the main frameworlcl (Figs. 4,. 9 and 10). The pivotal connectionsof'the link 123 are at right angles to'the projecting guide-studs 172 and 124, and the'link moves in a positionv parallel to the arm 120 by which it is carried. Thus, when the arm 1 moves in its reciprocating action in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 10, to carry the batten and reed mechanism in the movement parallel to the warp form as 'hereinbeforedescribed, the roller 125 will travel up the incline 126 andtransmit a corresponding upward movement to the link 123fwhich operates the bar 117 in its slidable movement in the fixed guide member 119 to impart to the reeds the hereinhefore described movement whereby they follow the contour or line of the warp thread at the approximate angle of in traveling from-the osition shown in full lines at a to the position shown in dotted lines at I),

i Fig. 5. 'iheiuiward movement of the link 123 is against the tension of a coiled spring,

127, which operates to return the mechanism controlling the motion ofthe r'eeds,'as

just described, to its initial. position, with rciation to the incline 126, said spring besing mounted between a bracket, 178, proimprovement are adapted for effective and and in'i rovements.

jecting from the arm 120, and a flailgexpr block, 179, upon apin or bar, 180 which slidably operates through the, braclget 178 and bears at its lower end against rhea-leek 175 which is carried by'the link'123 (Figs. 9 and" 10).

The operation and advantages of my improved loom mechanism will be readily understood by those skilledin the art to which the invention appertains.

It will be understood that my improved loom mechanism is adapted for'weaving an endless tubular fabric in' annular or ring form, and also that the general features of advantageous employmentiin looms adapted for the weaving'of various other typesof fabric. The loom mechanism constituting my present improvements is, however, especially adapted for the weaving of an in ternaltextile body fabric or carcass for the shoeor casing of pneumatic tires, having its body wov en initially in the contour of van endless annular and segmental cr'osssection ring conforming to the contour of the elastic body o'f'the shoe'or casing within I which-it is tofbe embedded, and with'its threads or strands initially in normal rela tionship to saidibody ontour, which'type of body fabric is specifi cally 'shown-- and described in. my previous applications for patents-.zSerialf Nosfi 725,245'and 725,246. The presentFimproved loom". mechanism is designed particularly for weavingsaid type body'fabrlc for pneumatiotlres on the 1'00 bias, substantiallyas"shown in Figs. 25 and 26, Whereas the loommechanism shown and 5 described inmy co-pending application for" patent Serial No. 801,001 is especially ada'pted for weaving body fabrics of this char-I acter with the warp and woof threads in' straight lines longitudinally and trans? versely of the body fabric-and with relation to its service position in the tire casing;

I do not desire to be understood as lIHllting myself to the detail construction and arrangement of parts as herein shown and described, as it is manifest that variations and modifications therein may be resorted to, in-thc adaptation of my invention to vary-1' ing conditions of use, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention I therefore reserve the right'to zill such variations and modificationsas properly fall within the scope of my invention and the terms of the following claims. 3

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a loom for circular weaving, a fabric fo'rmframe rotatably'moruited and constituted by annular or ring shape members spaced apart, and a fabric form constituted by a memberv also of annular o1'.ring shape and of segmental cross-section correspond- 0 a as y ing to the annular and segmental cross-section contour of the body fabric to be woven, said fabrlc form spanning the space between and having its respective terminal edges detachably secured-1n connection with the pe ripheries of the respective ring members of the form-frame and constituting a mandrel orcore for carrying the warp in its normal laid position conforming to the fabricform during the wearing of thewoof, the interior of, said fabric form being open to the space I between said ring members ofthe form- 'Q frame 5 a i rlng shape and corresponding 1n surface 2. In a loom for circular weaving, a fabric form extending continuously in annular or contour to the annular and segmental crosssection of the body fabric to be woven, said I fabric form having a section or segment of portion, and said sectional form constitutlng its annular body detachable from its main in its complete annulus a mandrel or core for carrying a Warp drum n its normal laid 0 position conforming to the fabric form dur- -25" ing the weaving of the woof.

3. In a loomfor circular weaving, a fabricform extending continuously in annular "or l-ting shape and corresponding in surface contour to the annular and segmental crosssection of the body fabric to be woven, and detachable means for carrying and retainng a Warp drumin itsnormal laid position conforming to the fabric form during the y 1 weavingofi the roof, said fabric form havi able the insertion of the form Withinthe ring a detachable section or segment to enwa "p drum which is carried by said detach,-

body fabric to be woven, said fabric form constituting a mandrel ,or core for the warp able means; c c

4a In a loom for circular.weaving, a fabric form extending in annular or ring shape and corresponding in surface contour to the an n 'llar and segmental cross-section of the during the weavingof thewoof, and means constituted by a unit secured in connection w th said fabric form for carrylng the warp in its normal i laid position extend ng over andvconforming to the form, said unit member comprising means for collectively carry: ing a plurality of threads of the warp and being detachable as a unit from said fabric form. i i

1 5,111 a loom for circular weaving, a fabric form extending in annular or ring shape and correspmiding in surface contour to the" annular and segmental cross-section of the body fabric to bewoven rsaid fabric form constitutingflamandrel orcore for the warp during the weaving of the \\"oof, and annular or ring members detachablysecured in connection with said fabric form at the re spectire side base portionsthereof, said dew tachable ring members constituting means forcarrying the Warp in its normal;,laid p,o-'

sition extending over and conforming to the fabric form.

6. In a loom for circular Weaving, a fabric form extending in annular or ring shape and corresponding in surface contour to the annular and segmental cross-section of the body fabric to be Woven, said fabric form Y having annular sockets at its respective side .mandrel or corefor the warp-in its normal laid posit on conforming to the fabric form during the weaving of the Woof, and means constituted by aunit secured in connection and conforming to the form, said unit mem-' ber comprising means for collectively carrying a plurality of threads of the'warp and being detachable as a unit from said fabric form. r a

8, In a loom for circular Weaving, a fabric form constituting a mandrel or core for the Warp in its normal laid positionzconforming to the fabric form during the weaving of the woof, and annular or ring members dewith said fabric form for carrying the Warp in its normal laid position extending over tachably secured in connection With' said fabric form at the respective opposite sides thereof, said detachable ring members constituting means for carrying the warp in its normal laid position extending over and conforming to. the fabric form.

9. ,In a loom for circular weaving, annular,

or ring members for carrying the Warp, means carried by said Ill'lg member for engaging the warp and retaining the same in laid position extending between said-ring members. and a fabric formextendmg between said ring members and constituting a mandrel for the warp'in its normal laid position.

10. In a loom for circular weaving, annular or ring members forcarrying the warp means carried by said ring members for. engaging the warp and retaining the same in laid position extending between said ring members, said means extending continuously of the annulus of the ring members, and a fabric form extendingbetween said ring members and constituting a mandrel for the Warp in its normal laid position as a continuous annular drum.

11. In a loom fpr circular Weaving, an nular or ring members-.-.for carrying the varp, tensional means for retaining the warp in laid position extending between said H80 ring members,' and a fabric form extending between said ring members and constituting a mandrel for position, 12. In

the warp in its normal laid a loom for circular weaving, an-

;nular or fring members for carrying the warp, means carried by said ring members for engaging the warp, tensional means for f whereby controlling said engaging means, i the warp may be carried by said engaging means in laid positionextending between said ring members and under tensional co trol, and afabric form extending betwe 11 said ring members and constituting a man drel for the warp in'its normal laid position.

13, .In a loom for circular weaving, warp-v carrying members respectively constituted by aunit and spaced apart, each of said unit between said members,

" members comprising means for collectively carrying the plurality of threads of the warp in continuous laid position extending and a fabric form extending between'said bersand constituting a mandrel for warp inits normal laid position.

1,4. In a loomfor circular weaving, car ving members spaced apart and priiih the Warpcomg means for carrying the warp in continuous laid position extending between said members and as a continuous annular drum, means for tensionally controlling the spread of thewarp between said memmbers, and a spaced and independently mita twisting movement respectively in reverse directions whereby the laid warp ex-' a position wherebvsaid ring members may be fabric form extending between said spaced members and constituting a mandrel for the warp in its normal laid position.

15. In a loom for circular weaving, annular or ring members for carrying the warp, means for retaining the warp in laid position extending between said ring'members, said ring meinbers being relatively arranged to pertending between the same willbebrought' to an angle with relation to a transverse plane betweensaid .members, and a fabric form extending between said spaced ring members and, constituting a mandrel for. the warp in its normal lald position.

l6. In--a loom for circular weaving, an-- nular or ring members forcarrying the warp, means for retaining the warp in, con

'trnuo'uslaid position extending between said 1 ring members and means for retaining relatively spaced and turnably mounted as an annular drum,

respectively l twisted upon the r? turn able laid warp extending in reverse directions mounting to bring the between the same at-an angle withu'elation to a transverse planebetween sardsmembers, and aifabric form ex- .tendingibetween sa1d constituting a mandrel for the warp in its normal laid position. 2

nular or ring members for spaced unit mem-.

tively constituted spaced members f and 17. In a loom for'circular weaving, an-

carrying the warp, and means for retaining the warp in continuous laid position extending between said ring members and as an annular'drum, in'conibination with a fabric form extending in annular or ring shape between said'ring membersand constituting a mandrel or core for the warpin its normal laid position-during the weaving of the woof, said ring members having a turnable mounting at opposite sides of said fabric'form whereby sa1d .rlng

members may be relatively twisted in re-' verse directions upon their turnable mounting to bring the laid warp extending over the fabric form at an angle with relation to the cross and circumferential section of thewarp drum.

18. loom, spaced members for carrying the waip in laid position extending between said members, in combination with a fabric form extending between said carrying members and constituting a mandrel 0r ;core for the warp in its normal laid position during the weaving of the woof, said carrying members having a movable mounting bination with a' fabric form extending between sa1d unitary spaced carrying mem-' bers' and constitutlng a mandrel or core for the .warp in its normal laid the weaving of the woof.

20. Ina loom for circular weaving, alrevolubly mounted fabric form constituting a mandrel or core for the warp in its normal laid position during the weaving of the woof, and members respectively constituted vby'annit separable from said fabric form and operative at opposite sides thereof, each of said unitary side members comprising means-for collectively carrying and retaining theplurality of threads of the warp in 21. In aloom for circular weaving, a revoluhly mounted fabric-form frame, a fabric form peripherally carried by and connected with saidf'o'rm-frame and constituting a mandrel or core for the warp in its normal laid position during the weaving of the :woof, and members respectively constituted v by a unit-separable from and operatively carried byand at opposite sides of said fabric form, 'each' of said unitary side members comprising means for collectively carposition during a1d position extending over and conform- -1ng to the fabric-form. sa1d ring members in rying the plurality of threads ofthe Warp i and retaining the Warp in its normal laid position extending'over and'conforming to the fabric form.

22. In afloomf for circular weaving, a

movement with relation to the step movemerit of said carrying frame. v

and of annular or ring shape, a series of In a loom for circular weaving, a heddle-carrying frame revolubly mounted "heddles reciprocally and radially carried by said frame, means for operating the heddles in their reciprocal movement, and

means movable laterally with relation to \the revolu'ble movement of the heddle-car prying frame for actuating said heddle-operating means.

24; lnga loom for circular weaving, a lieddl ecarrying frame erevolubly mounted and of annular or ring shape, a series, of

heddles reciprocally and radially carried j 1 bysaid'frame lever means fulcrumed upon said frame and operatively actuatingthe heddlesiin their reciprocal movement, a

guide frame operatively engaging saidleve means to actuatethe same, and means for moving said guide frame. with relation to the operative movement of thej heddlecarrying frame. I a y 25'. In a loom for circular weaving, a

heddlecarrying frame revolu'bly mounted and of annularvor ring shape, a series of a heddles reciprocally and radially carried by said frame, a seriesof bell-crank levers fulcrumed upon said frame at opposite sides of the series of heddles and operatively engaging the heddles to actuate the same in "their reciprocal movement, a "guide frame operativly engaging said bell-crank levers at thepective opposite sides of the secries of ,lieddles, and means for moving said gui'de 'frame laterally with relation to the revolublemovement of the heddlecarrying frame? 26. 111 11 loom for circular weaving, a fab I ric form revolubly mounted and extending a I in annular or ring shape and constituting a 55. woof, and: a heddle-carrying frame of anfinandrel or core for the warp in its normal lalid position during the weaving of the nular' or riiigshape. revolubly mounted and encircling anegment of said annular fabric J to fabric form revolubly mounted and extending in annular or ring shape and QOIlSlI-liillt- 111g amandrel or corefor the warp in its 27. Ina loom for circular weaving. a

nor'mal laid position during the Weaving of -the woof, and aheddle-carrying frame of enabled.

and encircling a segment of said annuiar fabric format an angle with relation to the cross and circumferential section thereof.

28. In a loom for circular weaving, a fabric form revolubly mounted and extending in annular or ring shape and constituting a mandrel or core for the warp in its normal laid position during the weaving of the woof, a heddlecarrying frame of annular or ring shape revolubly mounted and encircling a segment ofsaid annular fabric form obliquely or at an angle with relation to the transverse plane thereof, and a series .of heddles reciprocally and radially carried by said frame, whereby said heddles are operative in a path .at an angle with relati'on to the cross and longitudinal section of the fabric form.

29. In a loom for circular weaving, a fabric form revolubly mounted and extending in annular or ring shape and constituting a mandrel or corefor the warp in its normal laid position during theweaving of the woof, and a he'ddle-carrying harness of annular or ring shape encircling a segment of said annular fabric form, 'said'annular lieddle-carrying harness comprising separable segments whereby the assembl ng of the fabric form and heddle-carrying ha rrelative operative positions isness in said 30.111 a loom for circular weaving, a-

fabric form revolubly mounted and extending in annular or ring shape and, constituting amandrel or core for the. warp in its normal laid position during the weaving of the woof, a lieddle-carrying frame having a segment spanning a segment of said fabric form, and means for advancing said heddle-carrying frame in a movement crosswise of said fabric form.

31. In a loom for circular Weaving, a fabric form revolubly mounted and extend: ing in annular or ring shape and constituting a mandrel. or core for the 'warpin itsnormal laid position during the weaving of the woof, a heddle-carrying frame having a segment spanning a segment of said fab ric form at an angle with relation to'the cross and longitudinal section thereof, and means for, advancing said lieddle-cai'rying frame in a movement in the path of said angle. i

32. In a: loom for circular weaving, a fabric fori'nrevolubly mounted and extend ing in annular or ring shape and constituting a mandrel or core for the warp in its normal laid position during the weaving of the woof, a heddle-carrying frame having a segment spanning a segment of said fabric form obliquely or at an angle with relation to the longitudinal section thereof, a series of heddles radially operative in said segment of the heddle-carrying frame, and 

